A Microphones is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. When you speak into a microphone, it activates a diaphragm coupled with a device that creates an electrical current proportional to the sound waves. Microphones are a part of everyday life and have been used for a long time. They are used in telephones, amateur radio, transmitters for commercial radio and TV broadcasts, tape recorders, public address systems, etc.
There are many different types of microphones, and each varies in design according to its applications. We offer a wide range of microphone components at Enrgtech from which you can choose according to the requirements of your application.
Components
The microphone features a sensitive transducer element known as its element or capsule. First, the diaphragm converts sound into mechanical motion. The motion is then converted into an electrical signal. A complete microphone also consists of an outer covering or housing that is useful for bringing the signal from the microphone to other equipment. It also often features an electronic circuit that can adapt the output of the capsule to the equipment being operated. Such as a wireless microphone consisting of a radio transmitter.
Types of Microphones
Microphones are commonly characterized by their transducer principle and their directional characteristics. However, sometimes it may also depend upon other characteristics like diaphragm size or intended use of the principal sound input to the axis.
Condenser Microphones
The condenser microphone is also a capacitor microphone, and they were traditionally called condensers. The diaphragm of this capacitor acts as one plate of a capacitor, and audio vibrations alter the distance between the plates. The vibrations bring changes in the distance between the plates. This is because the capacitance of the plates is inversely proportional to the space between them. Such changes that occur in capacitance effectively measure audio signals.
RF Condenser
RF condenser microphones use low RF voltage, created by a low voltage oscillator. The signal from the oscillator may either be amplitude modulated, generated by the sound waves passing through the capsule diaphragm. Or may include the capsule in the resonant circuit that effectively modulates the frequency of the oscillator signal. The demodulation then creates very low-noise audio frequency signals with low source impedance.
Dynamic Microphones
Dynamic microphones are the ones that pick up the sound with the help of the variations that sound waves exert on the diaphragm. This movement results in the motion of the coil and causes variations in the magnetic field generated by the magnet near assembly. Like this, the sound becomes a small electrical signal. Dynamic microphones are popular because of their reliability and strength, and they do not require batteries or other external power sources. This makes them a good choice for recording drums, amplifiers, or other instruments that can generate many signals. You can also use them for vocals which makes them highly versatile.
Dynamic microphones are affordable and last a very long time. Therefore, they are a good choice for recording if you are just a beginner.
Condenser Microphones
Condenser microphones usually function with a capacitor that generates electricity based on the distance between their two components. To achieve this, the system needs to be charged with 48V power. The sound waves are created when they move the membrane to a greater or lesser extent. The condenser microphones can be small and large diaphragms.
Condenser microphones are more sensitive than other microphones; therefore, their signals will be much stronger. They are ideal for recording vocals, pianos, strings, etc.
